The innocent user, not noticing anything suspicious about the mail, clicks on the link to an untrusted location. In order to proactively keep the user and enterprise resources safe, Application Guard coordinates with Microsoft Edge to open that site in a temporary and isolated copy of Windows. The attack is completely disrupted. As soon as the user is done, whether or not they are even aware of the attack having taken place, this temporary container is thrown away, and any malware is discarded along with it.

After deletion, a fresh new container is created for future browsing sessions. To manage the enterprise, we do provide new Group Policy settings, so the desktop administrator can ensure security and conformity for all of the enterprises users. Well there you have it, some great new security features and they are provided as free updates.

Look through the links and try out some of the demos. If you are already convinced that you need to get off the older operating system but need help justifying, hopefully this will help you convince the decision makers to move forward. Hello everyone! Here in the fall, in the Ozark Mountains area the colors of the trees are just amazing!

If only it was that easy! Kerberos plays a huge role in server authentication so feel free to take advantage of it. The Kerberos authentication protocol provides a mechanism for authentication — and mutual authentication — between a client and a server, or between one server and another server.

This is the underlying authentication that takes place on a domain without the requirement of certificates. Why not you ask? Well for one thing, using sniffing tools attackers can successfully extrapolate every single key stroke you type in to an RDP session, including login credentials. And given that, often customers are typing in domain admin credentials…which means you could have just given an attacker using a Man-in-the-Middle MTM attack the keys to the kingdom.

Granted, current versions of the Remote Desktop Client combined with TLS makes those types of attacks much more difficult, but there are still risks to be wary of. However, what should be done is making sure the remote computers are properly authorized in the first place. Read the following quick links, and pick which one applies for your situation: or read them all.

Although technically achievable, using self-signed certificates is normally NOT a good thing as it can lead to a never-ending scenario of having to deploy self-signed certs throughout a domain. Talk about a management overhead nightmare! Additionally, security risk to your environment is elevated…especially in public sector or government environments. Needless to say, any security professional would have a field day with this practice an ANY environment.

Jacob has also written a couple of awesome guides that will come in handy when avoiding this scenario. Both of course feature the amazing new Windows Server , and they are spot on to help you avoid this first scenario. Just remember they are guides for LAB environments. Sure, it works…but guess what? Neither can Kerberos for that matter. Main security reason: Someone could have hijacked it. You can stop reading now. Think of a Root CA Certificate and the chain of trust.

RDP is doing the same thing. So how do we remedy that? You still must connect using the correct machine names. The idea is to get rid of the warning message the right way…heh. Okay this scenario is a little like the previous one, except for a few things. Normally when deploying ADCS, certificate autoenrollment is configured as a good practice. But RDS is a bit different since it can use certificates that not all machines have.

Remember, by default the local Remote Desktop Protocol will use the self-signed certificate…not one issued by an internal CA…even if it contains all the right information. Basically, the right certificate with appropriate corresponding GPO settings for RDS to utilize…and that should solve the warning messages.

How do we do that? Remember, certificates you deploy need to have a subject name CN or subject alternate name SAN that matches the name of the server that a user is connecting to! Manual enrollment is a bit time consuming, so I prefer autoenrollment functionality here. To mitigate the CA from handing out a ton of certs from multiple templates, just scope the template permissions to a security group that contains the machine s you want enrollment from. I always recommend configure certificate templates use specific security groups.

Where certificates are deployed is all dependent upon what your environment requires. Next, we configure Group Policy. This is to ensure that ONLY certificates created by using your custom template will be considered when a certificate to authenticate the RD Session Host Server or machine is automatically selected.

Translation: only the cert that came from your custom template will be used when someone connects via RDP to a machine…not the self-signed certificate. As soon as this policy is propagated to the respective domain computers or forced via gpupdate.

I updated group policy on a member server, and tested it. Of course, as soon as I try to connect using the correct machine name, it connected right up as expected.

Warning went POOF! Another way of achieving this result, and forcing machines to use a specific certificate for RDP…is via a simple WMIC command from an elevated prompt, or you can use PowerShell.

The catch is that you must do it from the individual machine. Quick, easy, and efficient…and unless you script it out to hit all machines involved, you’ll only impact one at a time instead of using a scoped GPO. Now we get to the meaty part as if I haven’t written enough already. Unlike the above 2 scenarios, you don’t really need special GPO settings to deploy certificates, force RDS to use specific certs, etc. The roles themselves handle all that.

Let’s say Remote Desktop Services has been fully deployed in your environment. Doesn’t matter…or does it? Kristin Griffin wrote an excellent TechNet Article detailing how to use certificates and more importantly, why for every RDS role service. Just remember the principals are the same. First thing to check if warnings are occurring, is yep, you guessed it …are users connecting to the right name?

Next, check the certificate s that are being used to ensure they contain the proper and accurate information. Referring to the methods mentioned in. The following information is from this TechNet Article :.

The certificates you deploy need to have a subject name CN or subject alternate name SAN that matches the name of the server that the user is connecting to. For example, for Publishing, the certificate needs to contain the names of all the RDSH servers in the collection. If you have users connecting externally, this needs to be an external name it needs to match what they connect to. If you have users connecting internally to RDWeb, the name needs to match the internal name.

For Single Sign On, the subject name needs to match the servers in the collection. Go and read that article thoroughly. Now that you have created your certificates and understand their contents, you need to configure the Remote Desktop Server roles to use those certificates.

This is the cool part! Or you will use multiple certs if you have both internal and external requirements. Note : even if you have multiple servers in the deployment, Server Manager will import the certificate to all servers, place the certificate in the trusted root for each server, and then bind the certificate to the respective roles.

Told you it was cool! You don’t have to manually do anything to each individual server in the deployment! You can of course, but typically not mandatory. DO use the correct naming. DO use custom templates with proper EKUs. DO use RDS. You don’t have an internal PKI, then use the self-signed certs The other takeaway is just have an internal PKI And for all our sanity, do NOT mess with the security level and encryption level settings!

The default settings are the most secure. Just leave them alone and keep it simple. Thank you for taking the time to read through all this information. I tried to think of all the scenarios I personally have come across in my experiences throughout the past 25 years, and I hope I didn’t miss any. If I did, please feel free to ask!

Happy RDP’ing everyone! Understanding the differences will make it much easier to understand what and why settings are configured and hopefully assist in troubleshooting when issues do arise. A cryptographic protocol is leveraged for security data transport and describes how the algorithms should be used. What does that mean? Simply put, the protocol decides what Key Exchange, Cipher, and Hashing algorithm will be leveraged to set up the secure connection.

Transport Layer Security is designed to layer on top of a transport protocol i. TCP encapsulating higher level protocols, such the application protocol.

An example of this would be the Remote Desktop Protocol. The main difference is where the encryption takes place. Just like the name implies, this is the exchange of the keys used in our encrypted communication.

For obvious reasons, we do not want this to be shared out in plaintext, so a key exchange algorithm is used as a way to secure the communication to share the key. Diffie-Hellman does not rely on encryption and decryption rather a mathematical function that allows both parties to generate a shared secret key. This is accomplished by each party agreeing on a public value and a large prime number.

Then each party chooses a secret value used to derive the public key that was used. Both ECDH and its predecessor leverage mathematical computations however elliptic-curve cryptography ECC leverages algebraic curves whereas Diffie-Hellman leverages modular arithmetic. In an RSA key exchange, secret keys are exchanged by encrypting the secret key with the intended recipients public key. The only way to decrypt the secret key is by leveraging the recipients private key.

Ciphers have existed for thousands of years. In simple terms they are a series of instructions for encrypting or decrypting a message. We could spend an extraordinary amount of time talking about the different types of ciphers, whether symmetric key or asymmetric key, stream ciphers or block ciphers, or how the key is derived, however I just want to focus on what they are and how they relate to Schannel.

Symmetric key means that the same key is used for encryption and decryption. This requires both the sender and receiver to have the same shared key prior to communicating with one another, and that key must remain secret from everyone else. The use of block ciphers encrypts fixed sized blocks of data.

RC4 is a symmetric key stream cipher. As noted above, this means that the same key is used for encryption and decryption. The main difference to notice here is the user of a stream cipher instead of a block cipher.

In a stream cipher, data is transmitted in a continuous steam using plain-text combined with a keystream. Hashing Algorithms, are fixed sized blocks representing data of arbitrary size. They are used to verify the integrity of the data of the data being transmitted. When the message is created a hash of the original message is generated using the agreed upon algorithm i.

That hash is used by the receiver to ensure that the data is the same as when the sender sent it. MD5 produces a bit hash value.

Notice the length difference? NOTE: Both hash algorithms have been found to be vulnerable to attacks such as collision vulnerabilities and are typically not recommended for use in cryptography. Again, see the noticeable size difference? Now that everything is explained; what does this mean? Remember that a protocol simply defines how the algorithms should be used. This is a where the keys will be exchanged that are leveraged for encrypting and decrypting our message traffic.

This is the algorithm, in this instance the Elliptic-Curve Digital Signature Algorithm, used to create the digital signature for authentication. GCM Again…… what? This is the mode of operation that the cipher leverages. The purpose is to mask the patterns within the encrypted data. SHA indicates that the hashing algorithm used for message verification and in this example is SHA2 with a bit key. Hopefully this helps to further break down the barriers of understanding encryption and cipher suites.

We decided to round up a few customer stories for you, to illustrate the various real-world benefits being reported by users of Shielded VMs in Windows Server To all of you that have downloaded the Technical Preview and provided feedback via UserVoice, thank you. On December 1st we released the first public update to the Technical Preview.

Windows Defender Antivirus uses a layered approach to protection: tiers of advanced automation and machine learning models evaluate files in order to reach a verdict on suspected malware. While Windows Defender AV detects a vast majority of new malware files at first sight, we always strive to further close the gap between malware release and detection. We look at advanced attacks perpetrated by the highly skilled KRYPTON activity group and explore how commodity malware like Kovter abuses PowerShell to leave little to no trace of malicious activity on disk.

From there, we look at how Windows Defender ATP machine learning systems make use of enhanced insight about script characteristics and behaviors to deliver vastly improved detection capabilities. Backdoor user accounts are those accounts that are created by an adversary as part of the attack, to be used later in order to gain access to other resources in the network, open new entry points into the network as well as achieve persistency.

MITRE lists the create account tactic as part of the credentials access intent of stage and lists several toolkits that uses this technique. And, now that the celebrations are mostly over, I wanted to pick all your brains to learn what you would like to see from us this year…. As you all know, on AskPFEPlat, we post content based on various topics in the realms of the core operating system, security, Active Directory, System Center, Azure, and many services, functions, communications, and protocols that sit in between.

Christopher Scott, Premier Field Engineer. I have recently transitioned into an automation role and like most people my first thought was to setup a scheduled task to shutdown and startup Virtual Machines VMs to drive down consumption costs.

Now, the first thing I did, much like I am sure you are doing now, is look around to see what and how other people have accomplished this. So, I came up with the idea of using Tags to shutdown or startup a filtered set of resources and that is what I wanted to show you all today. The first thing you will need to do is setup an Automation Account. From the Azure portal click more actions and search for Automation. By clicking the star to the right of Automation Accounts you can add it to your favorites blade.

Now you will be prompted to fill in some values required for the creation. Now is the time to create the Azure Run as Accounts so click the Yes box in the appropriate field and click create. From within the Automation Accounts blade select Run as Accounts.

After the accounts and connections have been verified we want to update all the Azure Modules. We can also review the job logs to ensure no errors were encountered. Now that the Automation Accounts have been created and modules have been updated we can start building our runbook.

But before we build the runbooks I want to walk you through tagging the VMs with custom tags that can be called upon later during the runbook.

From the Assign Tags callout blade, you can use the text boxes to assign custom a Name known as the Key property in Powershell and a custom Value. If you have already used custom tags for other resources they are also available from the drop-down arrow in the same text box fields. Click Assign to accept the tags.

To start building the runbook we are going to select the Runbook option from the Automation Account Pane and click Add a Runbook. When the Runbook Creation blade comes up click Create a Runbook , In the callout blade Give the runbook a name, select Powershell from the dropdown, and finally click Create. At this point you will brought to the script pane of the Runbook.

You can paste the attached script directly into the pane and it should look something like this. Once the script has been pasted in, click the Test Pane button on the ribbon bar to ensure operability. If we go back to the Virtual Machine viewing pane we can verify the results.

Since the script processed correctly and is working as intended we can proceed to publishing the runbook. Click Publish and confirm with Yes. But what are we using to invoke the runbooks? Well we could add a webhook, or manually call the runbook from the console, we could even create a custom application with a fancy GUI Graphical User Interface to call the runbook, for this article we are going to simply create a schedule within our automation account and use it to initiate our runbook.

To build our schedule we select Schedules from the Automation Account then click Add a schedule. Create a Schedule Name, Give it a description, assign a Start date and Time, set the Reoccurrence schedule and expiration and click Create.

Now that the schedule has been created click OK to link it to the Runbook. Originally, I used this runbook to shutdown VMs in an order so at the end of the Tier 2 Runbook would call the Tier 1 Runbook and finally the Tier 0 runbook. For Startup I would reverse the order to ensure services came up correctly. By splitting the runbooks, I ensured the next set of services did not start or stop until the previous set had finished.

However, by utilizing the custom tags and making minor changes to the script you can customize your runbooks to perform whatever suits your needs. For example, if you wanted to shutdown just John Smiths machines every night all you would need to do is tag the VMs accordingly Ex. I have also attached the startup script that was mentioned earlier in the article for your convenience. Thank you for taking the time to read through this article, I hope you can adapt it to you found it helpful and are able to adapt it your environment with no issues.

Please leave a comment if you come across any issues or just want to leave some feedback. Disclaimer The sample scripts are not supported under any Microsoft standard support program or service.

The sample scripts are provided AS IS without warranty of any kind. Microsoft further disclaims all implied warranties including, without limitation, any implied warranties of merchantability or of fitness for a particular purpose.

The entire risk arising out of the use or performance of the sample scripts and documentation remains with you. In no event shall Microsoft, its authors, or anyone else involved in the creation, production, or delivery of the scripts be liable for any damages whatsoever including, without limitation, damages for loss of business profits, business interruption, loss of business information, or other pecuniary loss arising out of the use of or inability to use the sample scripts or documentation, even if Microsoft has been advised of the possibility of such damages.

Azure Automation — Custom Tagged Scripts. Hi, Matthew Walker again. Recently I worked with a few of my co-workers to present a lab on building out Shielded VMs and I thought this would be useful for those of you out there wanting to test this out in a lab environment.

Shielded VMs, when properly configured, use Bitlocker to encrypt the drives, prevent access to the VM using the VMConnect utility, encrypt the data when doing a live migration, as well blocking the fabric admin by disabling a number of integration components, this way the only access to the VM is through RDP to the VM itself. With proper separation of duties this allows for sensitive systems to be protected and only allow those who need access to the systems to get the data and prevent VMs from being started on untrusted hosts.

In my position I frequently have to demo or test in a number of different configurations so I have created a set of configurations to work with a scripted solution to build out labs. At the moment there are some differences between the two and only my fork will work with the configurations I have. Now, to setup your own environment I should lay out the specs of the environment I created this on. All of the above is actually a Hyper-V VM running on my Windows 10 system, I leverage nested virtualization to accomplish this, some of my configs require Windows Server.

Extract them to a directory on your system you want to run the scripts from. Once you have extracted each of the files from GitHub you should have a folder that is like the screenshot below. By default these files should be marked as blocked and prevent the scripts from running, to unblock the files we will need to unblock them. If you open an administrative PowerShell prompt and change to the directory the files are in you can use the Unblock-File cmdlet to resolve this.

This will require you to download the ADKSetup and run it and select to save the installer files. The Help folder under tools is not really necessary, however, to ensure I have the latest PowerShell help files available I will run the Save-Help PowerShell cmdlet to download and save the files so I can install them on other systems.

Next, we move back up to the main folder and populate the Resources Folder, so again create a new folder named Resources. While these are not the latest cumulative updates they were the latest I downloaded and tested with, and are referenced in the config files.

I also include the WMF 5. I know it seems like a lot, but now that we have all the necessary components we can go through the setup to create the VMs. You may receive a prompt to run the file depending on your execution policy settings, and you may be prompted for Admin password as the script is required to be run elevated. First it will download any DSC modules we need to work with the scripts. You may get prompted to trust the NuGet repository to be able to download the modules — Type Y and hit enter.

It will then display the current working directory and pop up a window to select the configuration to build.

The script will then verify that Hyper-V is installed and if it is server it will install the Failover Clustering feature if not installed not needed for shielded VMs, sorry I need to change the logic on that.

The Script may appear to hang for a few minutes, but it is actually copying out the. Net 3. The error below is normal and not a concern. Creating the Template files can take quite a long time, so just relax and let it run.

Once the first VM Domain Controller is created, I have set up the script to ensure it is fully configured before the other VMs get created. You will see the following message when that occurs. Periodically during this time you will see message such as the below indicating the status.

Once all resources are in the desired state the next set of VMs will be created. Once the script finishes however those VMs are not completely configured, DSC is still running in them to finish out the configuration such as Joining the domain or installing roles and features.

So, there you have it, a couple of VMs and DC to begin working on creating a virtualized environment that you can test and play with shielded VMs a bit. So now grab the documentation linked at the top and you can get started without having to build out the base.

I hope this helps you get started playing with some of the new features we have in Windows Server Data disk drives do not cache writes by default. Data disk drives that are attached to a VM use write-through caching. It provides durability, at the expense of slightly slower writes.

As of January 10 th , PowerShell Core 6. For the last two decades, changing the domain membership of a Failover Cluster has always required that the cluster be destroyed and re-created.

This is a time-consuming process, and we have worked to improve this. Howdy folks! Before going straight to the solution, I want to present a real scenario and recall some of the basic concepts in the Identity space. Relying Party signature certificate is rarely used indeed. Signing the SAML request ensures no one modifies the request. COM wants to access an expense note application ClaimsWeb.

COM purchasing a license for the ClaimsWeb application. Relying party trust:. Now that we have covered the terminology with the entities that will play the role of the IdP or IP, and RP, we want to make it perfectly clear in our mind and go through the flow one more time. Step : Present Credentials to the Identity Provider. The URL provides the application with a hint about the customer that is requesting access. Assuming that John uses a computer that is already a part of the domain and in the corporate network, he will already have valid network credentials that can be presented to CONTOSO.

These claims are for instance the Username, Group Membership and other attributes. Step : Map the Claims. The claims are transformed into something that ClaimsWeb Application understands. We have now to understand how the Identity Provider and the Resource Provider can trust each other. When you configure a claims provider trust or relying party trust in your organization with claim rules, the claim rule set s for that trust act as a gatekeeper for incoming claims by invoking the claims engine to apply the necessary logic in the claim rules to determine whether to issue any claims and which claims to issue.

The Claim Pipeline represents the path that claims must follow before they can be issued. The Relying Party trust provides the configuration that is used to create claims. Once the claim is created, it can be presented to another Active Directory Federation Service or claim aware application.

Claim provider trust determines what happens to the claims when it arrives. COM IdP. COM Resource Provider. Properties of a Trust Relationship. This policy information is pulled on a regular interval which is called trust monitoring. Trust monitoring can be disabled and the pulling interval can be modified. Signature — This is the verification certificate for a Relying Party used to verify the digital signature for incoming requests from this Relying Party.

Otherwise, you will see the Claim Type of the offered claims. Each federation server uses a token-signing certificate to digitally sign all security tokens that it produces. This helps prevent attackers from forging or modifying security tokens to gain unauthorized access to resources. When we want to digitally sign tokens, we will always use the private portion of our token signing certificate.

When a partner or application wants to validate the signature, they will have to use the public portion of our signing certificate to do so. Then we have the Token Decryption Certificate. Encryption of tokens is strongly recommended to increase security and protection against potential man-in-the-middle MITM attacks that might be tried against your AD FS deployment. Use of encryption might have a slight impact on throughout but in general, it should not be usually noticed and in many deployments the benefits for greater security exceed any cost in terms of server performance.

Encrypting claims means that only the relying party, in possession of the private key would be able to read the claims in the token. This requires availability of the token encrypting public key, and configuration of the encryption certificate on the Claims Provider Trust same concept is applicable at the Relying Party Trust.

By default, these certificates are valid for one year from their creation and around the one-year mark, they will renew themselves automatically via the Auto Certificate Rollover feature in ADFS if you have this option enabled. This tab governs how AD FS manages the updating of this claims provider trust.

You can see that the Monitor claims provider check box is checked. ADFS starts the trust monitoring cycle every 24 hours minutes. This endpoint is enabled and enabled for proxy by default.

The FederationMetadata. Once the federation trust is created between partners, the Federation Service holds the Federation Metadata endpoint as a property of its partners, and uses the endpoint to periodically check for updates from the partner. For example, if an Identity Provider gets a new token-signing certificate, the public key portion of that certificate is published as part of its Federation Metadata.

All Relying Parties who partner with this IdP will automatically be able to validate the digital signature on tokens issued by the IdP because the RP has refreshed the Federation Metadata via the endpoint. The Federation Metadata. XML publishes information such as the public key portion of a token signing certificate and the public key of the Encryption Certificate. What we can do is creating a schedule process which:. You can create the source with the following line as an Administrator of the server:.

Signing Certificate. Encryption Certificate. As part of my Mix and Match series , we went through concepts and terminologies of the Identity metasystem, understood how all the moving parts operates across organizational boundaries. We discussed the certificates involvement in AD FS and how I can use PowerShell to create a custom monitor workload and a proper logging which can trigger further automation. I hope you have enjoyed and that this can help you if you land on this page.

Hi everyone, Robert Smith here to talk to you today a bit about crash dump configurations and options. With the wide-spread adoption of virtualization, large database servers, and other systems that may have a large amount or RAM, pre-configuring the systems for the optimal capturing of debugging information can be vital in debugging and other efforts.

Ideally a stop error or system hang never happens. But in the event something happens, having the system configured optimally the first time can reduce time to root cause determination. The information in this article applies the same to physical or virtual computing devices. You can apply this information to a Hyper-V host, or to a Hyper-V guest. You can apply this information to a Windows operating system running as a guest in a third-party hypervisor. If you have never gone through this process, or have never reviewed the knowledge base article on configuring your machine for a kernel or complete memory dump , I highly suggest going through the article along with this blog.

When a windows system encounters an unexpected situation that could lead to data corruption, the Windows kernel will implement code called KeBugCheckEx to halt the system and save the contents of memory, to the extent possible, for later debugging analysis. The problem arises as a result of large memory systems, that are handling large workloads. Even if you have a very large memory device, Windows can save just kernel-mode memory space, which usually results in a reasonably sized memory dump file.

But with the advent of bit operating systems, very large virtual and physical address spaces, even just the kernel-mode memory output could result in a very large memory dump file.

When the Windows kernel implements KeBugCheckEx execution of all other running code is halted, then some or all of the contents of physical RAM is copied to the paging file. On the next restart, Windows checks a flag in the paging file that tells Windows that there is debugging information in the paging file.

Please see KB for more information on this hotfix. Herein lies the problem. One of the Recovery options is memory dump file type. There are a number of memory. For reference, here are the types of memory dump files that can be configured in Recovery options:. Anything larger would be impractical.

For one, the memory dump file itself consumes a great deal of disk space, which can be at a premium. Second, moving the memory dump file from the server to another location, including transferring over a network can take considerable time. The file can be compressed but that also takes free disk space during compression. The memory dump files usually compress very well, and it is recommended to compress before copying externally or sending to Microsoft for analysis.

On systems with more than about 32 GB of RAM, the only feasible memory dump types are kernel, automatic, and active where applicable. Kernel and automatic are the same, the only difference is that Windows can adjust the paging file during a stop condition with the automatic type, which can allow for successfully capturing a memory dump file the first time in many conditions. A 50 GB or more file is hard to work with due to sheer size, and can be difficult or impossible to examine in debugging tools.

In many, or even most cases, the Windows default recovery options are optimal for most debugging scenarios. The purpose of this article is to convey settings that cover the few cases where more than a kernel memory dump is needed the first time. Nobody wants to hear that they need to reconfigure the computing device, wait for the problem to happen again, then get another memory dump either automatically or through a forced method.

The problem comes from the fact that the Windows has two different main areas of memory: user-mode and kernel-mode. User-mode memory is where applications and user-mode services operate.

Kernel-mode is where system services and drivers operate. Abstract The capacity of involvement and engagement plays an important role in making a robot social and robust. In order to reinforce the capacity of robot in human-robot interaction, we proposed a twolayered approach.

In the upper layer, social interaction is flexibly controlled by Bayesian Net using social interaction patterns. In the lower layer, the robustness of the system can be improved by detecting repetitive and rhythmic gestures. Abstract The purpose of this paper is to support a sustainable conversation. From a view point of sustainability, it is important to manage huge conversation content such as transcripts, handouts, and slides.

Our proposed system, called Sustainable Knowledge Globe SKG , supports people to manage conversation content by using geographical arrangement, topological connection, contextual relation, and a zooming interface. Abstract The progress of technology makes familiar artifacts more complicated than before.

Therefore, establishing natural communication with artifacts becomes necessary in order to use such complicated artifacts effectively. We believe that it is effective to apply our natural communication manner between a listener and a speaker to human-robot communication. The purpose of this paper is to propose the method of establishing communication environment between a human and a listener robot. Abstract In face-to-face communication, conversation is affected by what is existing and taking place within the environment.

With the goal of improving communicative capability of humanoid systems, this paper proposes conversational agents that are aware of a perceived world, and use the perceptual information to enforce the involvement in conversation.

First, we review previous studies on nonverbal engagement behaviors in face-to-face and human-artifact interaction. Abstract We have developed a broadcasting agent system, POC caster, which generates understandable conversational representation from text-based documents.

POC caster circulates the opinions of community members by using conversational representation in a broadcasting system on the Internet. But to be optimal, you need to use Package deployments and not applications. So I stated earlier, we start with a very basic package for 7-Zip. And as we typically do, this program is deployed to a collection, in this case I went very originally with Deploy 7-Zip. Nothing special with our collection the way we usually do it.

My current query lists a grand total of 4 objects in my collection. You can clearly see the type of rule is set to Query. Note: I set my updates on collections at 30 minutes. This is my personal lab. I would in no case set this for a real live production collection.

Most aggressive I would typically go for would be 8 hours. Understanding WQL can be a challenge if you never played around with it. Press Ok. As you can see in the screenshot below, my count went down by two since I already had successfully deployed it to half my test machines.

Ok, now that we have that dynamic query up and running, why not try and improve on the overall deployment technique, shall we? As you know, a program will be deployed when the Assignment schedule time is reached. If you have computers that are offline, they will receive their installation when they boot up their workstation, unless you have a maintenance window preventing it. Unless you have set a recurring schedule, it will not rerun. By having a dynamic collection as we did above, combined with a recurring schedule, you can reattempt the installation on all workstations that failed the installation without starting the process for nothing on a workstation that succeeded to install it.

As I said earlier, the goal of this post is not necessarily to replace your deployment methods. By targeting the SCCM client installation error codes, you will have a better idea of what is happening during client installation. The error codes are not an exact science, they can defer depending on the situation. For a better understanding of ccmsetup error codes, read this great post from Jason Sandys.

A better SCCM client installation rate equals better overall management. You want your SCCM non-client count to be as low as possible. During the SCCM client installation process, monitor the ccmsetup. There are other logs, to which the SCCM client installation relates. Use the command line net helpmsg , for more information about your return error code.

There are chances that the last error code returns an empty value for a device. Some errors have been added based on our personal experiences. Feel free to send us any new error codes, this list will be updated based on your comments. You can also check the list of client commands list, as additional help for troubleshooting your SCCM clients. Knowing the client installation status from reports reduces the number of devices without SCCM client installed in your IT infrastructure.

This report now shows the last SCCM client installation error codes, including the description of the installation deployment state. We will cover scenarios for new and existing computers that you may want to upgrade. Windows 10, version 22H2 is a scoped release focused on quality improvements to the overall Windows experience in existing feature areas such as quality, productivity, and security. Home and Pro editions of the Update will receive 18 months of servicing, and Enterprise and Education editions will have 30 months of service.

You may also need to deploy Windows 10 22H2 to your existing Windows 10 computer to stay supported or to benefit from the new features. There are a couple of important changes in this release. Before deploying a new Windows 10 feature upgrade, you need to have a good plan. Test it in a lab environment, deploy it to a limited group and test all your business applications before broad deployment. Do not treat a feature upgrade as a normal monthly software update.

The release information states: The Windows ADK for Windows 10, version supports all currently supported versions of Windows 10, including version 22H2. ISO file. Ex: WinH2-Wim. Task Sequences are customizable: You can run pre-upgrade and post-upgrade tasks which could be mandatory if you have any sort of customization to your Windows 10 deployments.

For example, Windows 10 is resetting pretty much anything related to regional settings, the keyboard, start menu , and taskbar customization.

Servicing Plan has simplicity, you set your option and forget, as Automatic Deployment Rules does for Software Updates.

For migration, you must use an upgrade task sequence. Feature Updates are deployed, managed, and monitored as you would deploy a Software Update. You download and deploy it directly from the SCCM console. Features Updates are applicable and deployable only to existing Windows 10 systems.

Some Windows 10 version shares the same core OS with an identical set of system files, but the new features are in an inactive and dormant state. By deploying the Enablement package you just enable the new feature. The advantage is that it reduces the updated downtime with a single restart.

Use the enablement package only to jump to the next Windows 10 version example: to OR 20H2 to 21H2. You should have downloaded the ISO file in the first step of this guide. We will be importing the default Install. We will cover this in the next section. This package will be used to upgrade an existing Windows 10 or a Windows 7 or 8. This Task Sequence could be used to upgrade an existing Windows 7 or 8.

We are now ready to deploy our task sequence to the computer we want to upgrade. In our case, we are targeting a Windows 10 computer that is running Windows 10 Everything is now ready to deploy to our Windows 10 computers. For our example, we will be upgrading a Windows 10 to Windows 10 22H2. This task sequence can also be used to upgrade existing Windows 7 or 8. To install the Windows 10 22H2 operating system, the process is fairly the same except to start the deployment.

If you encounter any issues, please see our troubleshooting guide. Once Windows 10 is added to your Software Update Point , we will create a Software Update deployment that will be deployed to our Windows 10 deployment collection.

This is really the most straightforward and fastest method to deploy. As stated in the introduction of this post, you can use Servicing Plan to automate the Windows 10 deployment.

Windows 10, version , 20H2, 21H1, and 21H2 share a common core operating system with an identical set of system files. Therefore, the new features in Windows 10, version 22H2 are included in the latest monthly quality update for Windows 10, version , 20H2, 21H1, and 21H2, but are in an inactive and dormant state.

If a device is updating from Windows 10, version , or an earlier version, this feature update enablement package cannot be installed. This is called Hard Block. We have numerous resources on our site for advanced monitoring and we also have pages that cover the whole topic.

This guide can be found in our shop. We developed a report to help you achieve that :. So to wrap up… before you were accessing the Microsoft Intune portal through Azure, now Microsoft wants you to use the new Endpoint Manager Portal. If you already have a Microsoft work or school account, sign in with that account and add Intune to your subscription.

If not, you can sign up for a new account to use Intune for your organization. For tenants using the service release and later , the MDM authority is automatically set to Intune.

The MDM authority determines how you manage your devices. Before enrolling devices, we need to create users. Users will use these credentials to connect to Intune. For our test, we will create users manually in our Azure Active Directory domain but you could use Azure AD Connect to sync your existing accounts. We now need to assign the user a license that includes Intune before enrollment. You can assign a license by users or you can use groups to assign your license more effectively.

Repeat the step for all your users or groups. The Intune company portal is for users to enroll devices and install apps. The portal will be on your user devices. In our example, we will create a basic security setting that will allow monitoring iOS device compliance. We will check Jailbroken devices, check for an OS version and require a password policy. We are now ready to enroll devices into Microsoft Intune. These certificates expire days after you create them and must be renewed manually in the Endpoint Manager portal.

The device will make its initial compliance check. We will now add the Microsoft Authenticator app to our Intune portal. We will begin with the iOS version. This can be used for any other application if needed. Both Applications have now been added to our Intune tenant and is ready to test on an iOS or Android device. Using Microsoft Intune, you can enable or disable different settings and features as you would do using Group Policy on your Windows computers.

You can create various types of configuration profiles. Some to configure devices, others to restrict features, and even some to configure your email or wifi settings. This is just an example, you can create a configuration profile for many other different settings.

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Conclusion: – Windows 10 1703 download iso itarget reviews

 

Our proposed system, called Sustainable Knowledge Globe SKG , supports people to manage conversation content by using geographical arrangement, topological connection, contextual relation, and a zooming interface.

Abstract The progress of technology makes familiar artifacts more complicated than before. Therefore, establishing natural communication with artifacts becomes necessary in order to use such complicated artifacts effectively. We believe that it is effective to apply our natural communication manner between a listener and a speaker to human-robot communication. The purpose of this paper is to propose the method of establishing communication environment between a human and a listener robot.

Abstract In face-to-face communication, conversation is affected by what is existing and taking place within the environment. With the goal of improving communicative capability of humanoid systems, this paper proposes conversational agents that are aware of a perceived world, and use the perceptual information to enforce the involvement in conversation.

First, we review previous studies on nonverbal engagement behaviors in face-to-face and human-artifact interaction. Abstract We have developed a broadcasting agent system, POC caster, which generates understandable conversational representation from text-based documents. POC caster circulates the opinions of community members by using conversational representation in a broadcasting system on the Internet.

We evaluated its transformation rules in two experiments. In Experiment 1, we examined our transformation rules for conversational representation in relation to sentence length. Log in with Facebook Log in with Google. Remember me on this computer.

Enter the email address you signed up with and we’ll email you a reset link. Need an account? For our test, we will create users manually in our Azure Active Directory domain but you could use Azure AD Connect to sync your existing accounts. We now need to assign the user a license that includes Intune before enrollment. You can assign a license by users or you can use groups to assign your license more effectively.

Repeat the step for all your users or groups. The Intune company portal is for users to enroll devices and install apps. The portal will be on your user devices. In our example, we will create a basic security setting that will allow monitoring iOS device compliance. We will check Jailbroken devices, check for an OS version and require a password policy. We are now ready to enroll devices into Microsoft Intune. These certificates expire days after you create them and must be renewed manually in the Endpoint Manager portal.

The device will make its initial compliance check. We will now add the Microsoft Authenticator app to our Intune portal. We will begin with the iOS version. This can be used for any other application if needed. Both Applications have now been added to our Intune tenant and is ready to test on an iOS or Android device.

Using Microsoft Intune, you can enable or disable different settings and features as you would do using Group Policy on your Windows computers. You can create various types of configuration profiles. Some to configure devices, others to restrict features, and even some to configure your email or wifi settings. This is just an example, you can create a configuration profile for many other different settings.

You can now check the available options and create different configurations for different OS. The Microsoft Intune Dashboard displays overall details about the devices and client apps in your Intune tenant. Enroll on more devices, play with different options and most importantly test, test and test! Microsoft has released the third SCCM version for SCCM has been released on December 5th, Switch Editions? Channel: System Center Dudes. Mark channel Not-Safe-For-Work?

Are you the publisher? Claim or contact us about this channel. Viewing latest articles. Browse all Browse latest View live. Due to weaknesses in the SHA-1 algorithm and to align to industry standards, Microsoft now only signs Configuration Manager binaries using the more secure SHA-2 algorithm.

Windows Release Name Build Number Revision Number Availability date First Rev End of servicing Windows 11 21H2 to Yes Windows 10 21H2 to Yes Windows 10 21H1 to Yes Windows 10 20H2 to Yes Windows 10 to No Windows 10 to No Windows 10 to No Windows 10 1 to Yes Windows 10 48 to No Windows 10 19 to No Windows 10 to No Windows 10 10 to Yes Windows 10 3 to No Windows 10 to Yes Windows 11 Version Naming and Revision Windows 10 version name is pretty simple: The first two 2 numbers are the release year.

Ex: 20 22 The last two 2 characters are : The first half of the year — H1 The second part of the year — H2 For example, Windows 11 22H1 would mean that it was released in 20 22 in the first half of the year.

Manually On a device running Windows 11 or Windows 10, you can run winver in a command window. The Windows 11 version will be listed : You can also use this useful Powershell script from Trevor Jones. Microsoft added the following note to the start menu layout modification documentation after the release Note In Windows 10, version , Export-StartLayout will use DesktopApplicationLinkPath for the. There are two main paths to reach to co-management: Windows 10 and later devices managed by Configuration Manager and hybrid Azure AD joined get enrolled into Intune Windows 10 devices that are enrolled in Intune and then install with the Configuration Manager client We will describe how to enable co-management and enroll an SCCM-managed Windows 10 device into Intune.

Do not follow instructions for Windows 10, those options have changed between and Since the introduction of SCCM , we now have a multitude of options, most notably: Direct membership Queries Include a collection Exclude a collection Chances are, if you are deploying new software to be part of a baseline for workstations for example , you will also add it to your task sequence.

Caveat for your deployments Now, you can use this for all your deployments. Since we want to exclude these machines from the collection I simply negate the above query with a not statement. So give me all IDs that are not part of that sub-selection. Pimp my package deployment Ok, now that we have that dynamic query up and running, why not try and improve on the overall deployment technique, shall we? Do you guys have any other methods to do this?

If so, I would be curious to hear you guys out. Consult our fixed price consulting plans to see our rates or contact us for a custom quote. Here are the main support and deployment features : If you have devices running Windows 10, version or later, you can update them quickly to Windows 10, version 22H2 using an enablement package New Windows 10 release cadence that aligns with the cadence for Windows For brand-new computers with Windows 10 deployment, Task Sequences are the only option.

We will cover all the options in this post. The path must point to an extracted source of an ISO file. You need to point at the top folder where Setup. Also enter valid credentials to join the domain. In the Install Configuration Manager tab, select your Client Package On the State Migration tab, select if you want to capture user settings and files. This is the collection that will receive the Windows 10 upgrade. For testing purposes, we recommend putting only 1 computer to start On the Deployment Settings tab, select the Purpose of the deployment Available will prompt the user to install at the desired time Required will force the deployment at the deadline see Scheduling You cannot change the Make available to the following drop-down since upgrade packages are available to clients only On the Scheduling tab, enter the desired available date and time.

We will leave the default options Review the selected options and complete the wizard Launch the Upgrade Process on a Windows 10 computer Everything is now ready to deploy to our Windows 10 computers. This step should take between minutes depending on the device hardware Windows 10 is getting ready, more minutes and the upgrade will be completed Once completed the SetupComplete.

This step is important to set the task sequence service to the correct state Windows is now ready, all software and settings are preserved. Validate that you are running Windows 10 22H2 Build Launch the Process on a new Windows 10 computer To install the Windows 10 22H2 operating system, the process is fairly the same except to start the deployment. Make sure to run a full synchronization to make sure that the new Windows 10 21H1 is available.

It will be available in the Updates section. Select the Windows 10 20H2 feature update and click Install. If you want an automated process, just make your deployment Required. The installation should take around 30 minutes. Use the Preview button at the bottom to scope it to your need. Select your deployment schedule.

Remember that this rule will run automatically and schedule your deployment based on your settings. Set your desired User Experience options Select to create a new deployment package.

This is where the Update file will be downloaded before being copied to the Distribution Point Distribute the update on the desired Distribution Point and complete the wizard Your Servicing Plan is now created. On a computer member of the collection, the update will be available in the software center.

The installation should be quicker than the classic Feature Update It should take around 15 minutes. Microsoft Azure is a set of cloud services to help your organization meet your business challenges. This is where you build, manage, and deploy applications on a massive, global network using your favorite tools and frameworks.

Microsoft Intune was and is still one of Azure services to manage your devices. Endpoint security, device management, and intelligent cloud actions This graph from Microsoft makes a good job explaining it: So to wrap up… before you were accessing the Microsoft Intune portal through Azure, now Microsoft wants you to use the new Endpoint Manager Portal.

If you have only cloud-based accounts go ahead and assign licenses to your accounts in the portal. Choose Add domain , and type your custom domain name.

Once completed your domain will be listed as Healthy. The OnMicrosoft domain cannot be removed. Go to Devices. Click on the user that you just created Click on Licenses on the left and then Assignment on the top Select the desired license for your user and click Save at the bottom Also, ensure that Microsoft Intune is selected Customize the Intune Company Portal The Intune company portal is for users to enroll devices and install apps.

A file will download in your browser. CSR file you created previously, click Upload Your certificate is now created and available for download. The certificate is valid for 1 year. You will need to repeat the process of creating a new certificate each year to continue managing iOS devices. Click on Download Ensure that the file is a. PEM and save it to a location on your server. It can be installed on any iOS device having iOS 6 and later.

Click Continue The device will make its initial compliance check. Add your group to the desired deployment option. Go to the Properties tab if you need to modify anything like Assignments. You can also see Deployment statistics on this screen Android Devices We will now do the same step for the Android version of Microsoft Authenticator app.

To access the Dashboard, simply select Dashboard on the left pane. For our example, we can quickly see the action point we should focus on. More Pages to Explore Latest Images. Insights Into Our Insights Feature December 21, , am. Frustration Among Migrants at U. December 20, , am. Catholic Charities Under Siege December 17, , pm. Bucs breaking out pewter alternate uniforms for Sunday’s game vs.

Notice the length difference? NOTE: Both hash algorithms have been found to be vulnerable to attacks such as collision vulnerabilities and are typically not recommended for use in cryptography. Again, see the noticeable size difference? Now that everything is explained; what does this mean?

Remember that a protocol simply defines how the algorithms should be used. This is a where the keys will be exchanged that are leveraged for encrypting and decrypting our message traffic. This is the algorithm, in this instance the Elliptic-Curve Digital Signature Algorithm, used to create the digital signature for authentication.

GCM Again…… what? This is the mode of operation that the cipher leverages. The purpose is to mask the patterns within the encrypted data. SHA indicates that the hashing algorithm used for message verification and in this example is SHA2 with a bit key.

Hopefully this helps to further break down the barriers of understanding encryption and cipher suites. We decided to round up a few customer stories for you, to illustrate the various real-world benefits being reported by users of Shielded VMs in Windows Server To all of you that have downloaded the Technical Preview and provided feedback via UserVoice, thank you.

On December 1st we released the first public update to the Technical Preview. Windows Defender Antivirus uses a layered approach to protection: tiers of advanced automation and machine learning models evaluate files in order to reach a verdict on suspected malware. While Windows Defender AV detects a vast majority of new malware files at first sight, we always strive to further close the gap between malware release and detection.

We look at advanced attacks perpetrated by the highly skilled KRYPTON activity group and explore how commodity malware like Kovter abuses PowerShell to leave little to no trace of malicious activity on disk. From there, we look at how Windows Defender ATP machine learning systems make use of enhanced insight about script characteristics and behaviors to deliver vastly improved detection capabilities. Backdoor user accounts are those accounts that are created by an adversary as part of the attack, to be used later in order to gain access to other resources in the network, open new entry points into the network as well as achieve persistency.

MITRE lists the create account tactic as part of the credentials access intent of stage and lists several toolkits that uses this technique. And, now that the celebrations are mostly over, I wanted to pick all your brains to learn what you would like to see from us this year….

As you all know, on AskPFEPlat, we post content based on various topics in the realms of the core operating system, security, Active Directory, System Center, Azure, and many services, functions, communications, and protocols that sit in between.

Christopher Scott, Premier Field Engineer. I have recently transitioned into an automation role and like most people my first thought was to setup a scheduled task to shutdown and startup Virtual Machines VMs to drive down consumption costs.

Now, the first thing I did, much like I am sure you are doing now, is look around to see what and how other people have accomplished this. So, I came up with the idea of using Tags to shutdown or startup a filtered set of resources and that is what I wanted to show you all today.

The first thing you will need to do is setup an Automation Account. From the Azure portal click more actions and search for Automation. By clicking the star to the right of Automation Accounts you can add it to your favorites blade.

Now you will be prompted to fill in some values required for the creation. Now is the time to create the Azure Run as Accounts so click the Yes box in the appropriate field and click create.

From within the Automation Accounts blade select Run as Accounts. After the accounts and connections have been verified we want to update all the Azure Modules. We can also review the job logs to ensure no errors were encountered. Now that the Automation Accounts have been created and modules have been updated we can start building our runbook. But before we build the runbooks I want to walk you through tagging the VMs with custom tags that can be called upon later during the runbook.

From the Assign Tags callout blade, you can use the text boxes to assign custom a Name known as the Key property in Powershell and a custom Value. If you have already used custom tags for other resources they are also available from the drop-down arrow in the same text box fields. Click Assign to accept the tags. To start building the runbook we are going to select the Runbook option from the Automation Account Pane and click Add a Runbook. When the Runbook Creation blade comes up click Create a Runbook , In the callout blade Give the runbook a name, select Powershell from the dropdown, and finally click Create.

At this point you will brought to the script pane of the Runbook. You can paste the attached script directly into the pane and it should look something like this. Once the script has been pasted in, click the Test Pane button on the ribbon bar to ensure operability. If we go back to the Virtual Machine viewing pane we can verify the results.

Since the script processed correctly and is working as intended we can proceed to publishing the runbook. Click Publish and confirm with Yes. But what are we using to invoke the runbooks?

Well we could add a webhook, or manually call the runbook from the console, we could even create a custom application with a fancy GUI Graphical User Interface to call the runbook, for this article we are going to simply create a schedule within our automation account and use it to initiate our runbook.

To build our schedule we select Schedules from the Automation Account then click Add a schedule. Create a Schedule Name, Give it a description, assign a Start date and Time, set the Reoccurrence schedule and expiration and click Create. Now that the schedule has been created click OK to link it to the Runbook.

Originally, I used this runbook to shutdown VMs in an order so at the end of the Tier 2 Runbook would call the Tier 1 Runbook and finally the Tier 0 runbook.

For Startup I would reverse the order to ensure services came up correctly. By splitting the runbooks, I ensured the next set of services did not start or stop until the previous set had finished. However, by utilizing the custom tags and making minor changes to the script you can customize your runbooks to perform whatever suits your needs. For example, if you wanted to shutdown just John Smiths machines every night all you would need to do is tag the VMs accordingly Ex.

I have also attached the startup script that was mentioned earlier in the article for your convenience. Thank you for taking the time to read through this article, I hope you can adapt it to you found it helpful and are able to adapt it your environment with no issues. Please leave a comment if you come across any issues or just want to leave some feedback. Disclaimer The sample scripts are not supported under any Microsoft standard support program or service.

The sample scripts are provided AS IS without warranty of any kind. Microsoft further disclaims all implied warranties including, without limitation, any implied warranties of merchantability or of fitness for a particular purpose. The entire risk arising out of the use or performance of the sample scripts and documentation remains with you. In no event shall Microsoft, its authors, or anyone else involved in the creation, production, or delivery of the scripts be liable for any damages whatsoever including, without limitation, damages for loss of business profits, business interruption, loss of business information, or other pecuniary loss arising out of the use of or inability to use the sample scripts or documentation, even if Microsoft has been advised of the possibility of such damages.

Azure Automation — Custom Tagged Scripts. Hi, Matthew Walker again. Recently I worked with a few of my co-workers to present a lab on building out Shielded VMs and I thought this would be useful for those of you out there wanting to test this out in a lab environment.

Shielded VMs, when properly configured, use Bitlocker to encrypt the drives, prevent access to the VM using the VMConnect utility, encrypt the data when doing a live migration, as well blocking the fabric admin by disabling a number of integration components, this way the only access to the VM is through RDP to the VM itself. With proper separation of duties this allows for sensitive systems to be protected and only allow those who need access to the systems to get the data and prevent VMs from being started on untrusted hosts.

In my position I frequently have to demo or test in a number of different configurations so I have created a set of configurations to work with a scripted solution to build out labs. At the moment there are some differences between the two and only my fork will work with the configurations I have. Now, to setup your own environment I should lay out the specs of the environment I created this on.

All of the above is actually a Hyper-V VM running on my Windows 10 system, I leverage nested virtualization to accomplish this, some of my configs require Windows Server. Extract them to a directory on your system you want to run the scripts from. Once you have extracted each of the files from GitHub you should have a folder that is like the screenshot below. By default these files should be marked as blocked and prevent the scripts from running, to unblock the files we will need to unblock them.

If you open an administrative PowerShell prompt and change to the directory the files are in you can use the Unblock-File cmdlet to resolve this. This will require you to download the ADKSetup and run it and select to save the installer files. The Help folder under tools is not really necessary, however, to ensure I have the latest PowerShell help files available I will run the Save-Help PowerShell cmdlet to download and save the files so I can install them on other systems.

Next, we move back up to the main folder and populate the Resources Folder, so again create a new folder named Resources. While these are not the latest cumulative updates they were the latest I downloaded and tested with, and are referenced in the config files.

I also include the WMF 5. I know it seems like a lot, but now that we have all the necessary components we can go through the setup to create the VMs. You may receive a prompt to run the file depending on your execution policy settings, and you may be prompted for Admin password as the script is required to be run elevated.

First it will download any DSC modules we need to work with the scripts. You may get prompted to trust the NuGet repository to be able to download the modules — Type Y and hit enter. It will then display the current working directory and pop up a window to select the configuration to build.

The script will then verify that Hyper-V is installed and if it is server it will install the Failover Clustering feature if not installed not needed for shielded VMs, sorry I need to change the logic on that.

The Script may appear to hang for a few minutes, but it is actually copying out the. Net 3. The error below is normal and not a concern. Creating the Template files can take quite a long time, so just relax and let it run.

Once the first VM Domain Controller is created, I have set up the script to ensure it is fully configured before the other VMs get created. You will see the following message when that occurs. Periodically during this time you will see message such as the below indicating the status. Once all resources are in the desired state the next set of VMs will be created. Once the script finishes however those VMs are not completely configured, DSC is still running in them to finish out the configuration such as Joining the domain or installing roles and features.

So, there you have it, a couple of VMs and DC to begin working on creating a virtualized environment that you can test and play with shielded VMs a bit. So now grab the documentation linked at the top and you can get started without having to build out the base. I hope this helps you get started playing with some of the new features we have in Windows Server Data disk drives do not cache writes by default. Data disk drives that are attached to a VM use write-through caching.

It provides durability, at the expense of slightly slower writes. As of January 10 th , PowerShell Core 6. For the last two decades, changing the domain membership of a Failover Cluster has always required that the cluster be destroyed and re-created.

This is a time-consuming process, and we have worked to improve this. Howdy folks! Before going straight to the solution, I want to present a real scenario and recall some of the basic concepts in the Identity space. Relying Party signature certificate is rarely used indeed. Signing the SAML request ensures no one modifies the request. COM wants to access an expense note application ClaimsWeb. COM purchasing a license for the ClaimsWeb application.

Relying party trust:. Now that we have covered the terminology with the entities that will play the role of the IdP or IP, and RP, we want to make it perfectly clear in our mind and go through the flow one more time. Step : Present Credentials to the Identity Provider. The URL provides the application with a hint about the customer that is requesting access. Assuming that John uses a computer that is already a part of the domain and in the corporate network, he will already have valid network credentials that can be presented to CONTOSO.

These claims are for instance the Username, Group Membership and other attributes. Step : Map the Claims. The claims are transformed into something that ClaimsWeb Application understands. We have now to understand how the Identity Provider and the Resource Provider can trust each other. When you configure a claims provider trust or relying party trust in your organization with claim rules, the claim rule set s for that trust act as a gatekeeper for incoming claims by invoking the claims engine to apply the necessary logic in the claim rules to determine whether to issue any claims and which claims to issue.

The Claim Pipeline represents the path that claims must follow before they can be issued. The Relying Party trust provides the configuration that is used to create claims. Once the claim is created, it can be presented to another Active Directory Federation Service or claim aware application. Claim provider trust determines what happens to the claims when it arrives.

COM IdP. COM Resource Provider. Properties of a Trust Relationship. This policy information is pulled on a regular interval which is called trust monitoring. Trust monitoring can be disabled and the pulling interval can be modified.

Signature — This is the verification certificate for a Relying Party used to verify the digital signature for incoming requests from this Relying Party. Otherwise, you will see the Claim Type of the offered claims. Each federation server uses a token-signing certificate to digitally sign all security tokens that it produces. This helps prevent attackers from forging or modifying security tokens to gain unauthorized access to resources.

When we want to digitally sign tokens, we will always use the private portion of our token signing certificate. When a partner or application wants to validate the signature, they will have to use the public portion of our signing certificate to do so.

Then we have the Token Decryption Certificate. Encryption of tokens is strongly recommended to increase security and protection against potential man-in-the-middle MITM attacks that might be tried against your AD FS deployment. Use of encryption might have a slight impact on throughout but in general, it should not be usually noticed and in many deployments the benefits for greater security exceed any cost in terms of server performance.

Encrypting claims means that only the relying party, in possession of the private key would be able to read the claims in the token. This requires availability of the token encrypting public key, and configuration of the encryption certificate on the Claims Provider Trust same concept is applicable at the Relying Party Trust. By default, these certificates are valid for one year from their creation and around the one-year mark, they will renew themselves automatically via the Auto Certificate Rollover feature in ADFS if you have this option enabled.

This tab governs how AD FS manages the updating of this claims provider trust. You can see that the Monitor claims provider check box is checked. ADFS starts the trust monitoring cycle every 24 hours minutes. This endpoint is enabled and enabled for proxy by default. The FederationMetadata. Once the federation trust is created between partners, the Federation Service holds the Federation Metadata endpoint as a property of its partners, and uses the endpoint to periodically check for updates from the partner.

For example, if an Identity Provider gets a new token-signing certificate, the public key portion of that certificate is published as part of its Federation Metadata. All Relying Parties who partner with this IdP will automatically be able to validate the digital signature on tokens issued by the IdP because the RP has refreshed the Federation Metadata via the endpoint.

The Federation Metadata. XML publishes information such as the public key portion of a token signing certificate and the public key of the Encryption Certificate. What we can do is creating a schedule process which:. You can create the source with the following line as an Administrator of the server:.

Signing Certificate. Encryption Certificate. As part of my Mix and Match series , we went through concepts and terminologies of the Identity metasystem, understood how all the moving parts operates across organizational boundaries. We discussed the certificates involvement in AD FS and how I can use PowerShell to create a custom monitor workload and a proper logging which can trigger further automation.

I hope you have enjoyed and that this can help you if you land on this page. Hi everyone, Robert Smith here to talk to you today a bit about crash dump configurations and options. With the wide-spread adoption of virtualization, large database servers, and other systems that may have a large amount or RAM, pre-configuring the systems for the optimal capturing of debugging information can be vital in debugging and other efforts. Ideally a stop error or system hang never happens.

But in the event something happens, having the system configured optimally the first time can reduce time to root cause determination. The information in this article applies the same to physical or virtual computing devices.

You can apply this information to a Hyper-V host, or to a Hyper-V guest. You can apply this information to a Windows operating system running as a guest in a third-party hypervisor.

If you have never gone through this process, or have never reviewed the knowledge base article on configuring your machine for a kernel or complete memory dump , I highly suggest going through the article along with this blog. When a windows system encounters an unexpected situation that could lead to data corruption, the Windows kernel will implement code called KeBugCheckEx to halt the system and save the contents of memory, to the extent possible, for later debugging analysis.

The problem arises as a result of large memory systems, that are handling large workloads. Even if you have a very large memory device, Windows can save just kernel-mode memory space, which usually results in a reasonably sized memory dump file. But with the advent of bit operating systems, very large virtual and physical address spaces, even just the kernel-mode memory output could result in a very large memory dump file.

When the Windows kernel implements KeBugCheckEx execution of all other running code is halted, then some or all of the contents of physical RAM is copied to the paging file. On the next restart, Windows checks a flag in the paging file that tells Windows that there is debugging information in the paging file. Please see KB for more information on this hotfix. Herein lies the problem. One of the Recovery options is memory dump file type.

There are a number of memory. For reference, here are the types of memory dump files that can be configured in Recovery options:. Anything larger would be impractical. For one, the memory dump file itself consumes a great deal of disk space, which can be at a premium. Second, moving the memory dump file from the server to another location, including transferring over a network can take considerable time. The file can be compressed but that also takes free disk space during compression.

The memory dump files usually compress very well, and it is recommended to compress before copying externally or sending to Microsoft for analysis. On systems with more than about 32 GB of RAM, the only feasible memory dump types are kernel, automatic, and active where applicable. Kernel and automatic are the same, the only difference is that Windows can adjust the paging file during a stop condition with the automatic type, which can allow for successfully capturing a memory dump file the first time in many conditions.

A 50 GB or more file is hard to work with due to sheer size, and can be difficult or impossible to examine in debugging tools.

In many, or even most cases, the Windows default recovery options are optimal for most debugging scenarios. The purpose of this article is to convey settings that cover the few cases where more than a kernel memory dump is needed the first time. Nobody wants to hear that they need to reconfigure the computing device, wait for the problem to happen again, then get another memory dump either automatically or through a forced method.

The problem comes from the fact that the Windows has two different main areas of memory: user-mode and kernel-mode. User-mode memory is where applications and user-mode services operate. Kernel-mode is where system services and drivers operate. This explanation is extremely simplistic. More information on user-mode and kernel-mode memory can be found at this location on the Internet:. User mode and kernel mode.

What happens if we have a system with a large amount of memory, we encounter or force a crash, examine the resulting memory dump file, and determine we need user-mode address space to continue analysis? This is the scenario we did not want to encounter. We have to reconfigure the system, reboot, and wait for the abnormal condition to occur again.

The secondary problem is we must have sufficient free disk space available. If we have a secondary local drive, we can redirect the memory dump file to that location, which could solve the second problem. The first one is still having a large enough paging file. If the paging file is not large enough, or the output file location does not have enough disk space, or the process of writing the dump file is interrupted, we will not obtain a good memory dump file.

In this case we will not know until we try. Wait, we already covered this. The trick is that we have to temporarily limit the amount of physical RAM available to Windows.

The numbers do not have to be exact multiples of 2. The last condition we have to meet is to ensure the output location has enough free disk space to write out the memory dump file.

Once the configurations have been set, restart the system and then either start the issue reproduction efforts, or wait for the abnormal conditions to occur through the normal course of operation. Note that with reduced RAM, there ability to serve workloads will be greatly reduced. Once the debugging information has been obtained, the previous settings can be reversed to put the system back into normal operation. This is a lot of effort to go through and is certainly not automatic.

But in the case where user-mode memory is needed, this could be the only option. Figure 1: System Configuration Tool. Figure 2: Maximum memory boot configuration. Figure 3: Maximum memory set to 16 GB.

With a reduced amount of physical RAM, there may now be sufficient disk space available to capture a complete memory dump file. In the majority of cases, a bugcheck in a virtual machine results in the successful collection of a memory dump file. The common problem with virtual machines is disk space required for a memory dump file. The default Windows configuration Automatic memory dump will result in the best possible memory dump file using the smallest amount of disk space possible.

The main factors preventing successful collection of a memory dump file are paging file size, and disk output space for the resulting memory dump file after the reboot.

These drives may be presented to the VM as a local disk, that can be configured as the destination for a paging file or crashdump file. The problem occurs in case a Windows virtual machine calls KeBugCheckEx , and the location for the Crashdump file is configured to write to a virtual disk hosted on a file share. Depending on the exact method of disk presentation, the virtual disk may not be available when needed to write to either the paging file, or the location configured to save a crashdump file.

It may be necessary to change the crashdump file type to kernel to limit the size of the crashdump file. Either that, or temporarily add a local virtual disk to the VM and then configure that drive to be the dedicated crashdump location. How to use the DedicatedDumpFile registry value to overcome space limitations on the system drive when capturing a system memory dump.

The important point is to ensure that a disk used for paging file, or for a crashdump destination drive, are available at the beginning of the operating system startup process. Virtual Desktop Infrastructure is a technology that presents a desktop to a computer user, with most of the compute requirements residing in the back-end infrastructure, as opposed to the user requiring a full-featured physical computer.

Usually the VDI desktop is accessed via a kiosk device, a web browser, or an older physical computer that may otherwise be unsuitable for day-to-day computing needs. Non-persistent VDI means that any changes to the desktop presented to the user are discarded when the user logs off.

Even writes to the paging file are redirected to the write cache disk. Typically the write cache disk is sized for normal day-to-day computer use. The problem occurs that, in the event of a bugcheck, the paging file may no longer be accessible. Even if the pagefile is accessible, the location for the memory dump would ultimately be the write cache disk.

Even if the pagefile on the write cache disk could save the output of the bugcheck data from memory, that data may be discarded on reboot. Even if not, the write cache drive may not have sufficient free disk space to save the memory dump file. In the event a Windows operating system goes non-responsive, additional steps may need to be taken to capture a memory dump. Setting a registry value called CrashOnCtrlScroll provides a method to force a kernel bugcheck using a keyboard sequence.

This will trigger the bugcheck code, and should result in saving a memory dump file. A restart is required for the registry value to take effect. This situation may also help in the case of accessing a virtual computer and a right CTRL key is not available. For server-class, and possibly some high-end workstations, there is a method called Non-Maskable Interrupt NMI that can lead to a kernel bugcheck. The NMI method can often be triggered over the network using an interface card with a network connection that allows remote connection to the server over the network, even when the operating system is not running.

In the case of a virtual machine that is non-responsive, and cannot otherwise be restarted, there is a PowerShell method available.

This command can be issued to the virtual machine from the Windows hypervisor that is currently running that VM. The big challenge in the cloud computing age is accessing a non-responsive computer that is in a datacenter somewhere, and your only access method is over the network. In the case of a physical server there may be an interface card that has a network connection, that can provide console access over the network.

Other methods such as virtual machines, it can be impossible to connect to a non-responsive virtual machine over the network only. The trick though is to be able to run NotMyFault.

If you know that you are going to see a non-responsive state in some amount of reasonable time, an administrator can open an elevated. Some other methods such as starting a scheduled task, or using PSEXEC to start a process remotely probably will not work, because if the system is non-responsive, this usually includes the networking stack.

Hopefully this will help you with your crash dump configurations and collecting the data you need to resolve your issues. Hello Paul Bergson back again, and I wanted to bring up another security topic.

There has been a lot of work by enterprises to protect their infrastructure with patching and server hardening, but one area that is often overlooked when it comes to credential theft and that is legacy protocol retirement.

To better understand my point, American football is very fast and violent. Professional teams spend a lot of money on their quarterbacks. Quarterbacks are often the highest paid player on the team and the one who guides the offense. There are many legendary offensive linemen who have played the game and during their time of play they dominated the opposing defensive linemen.

Over time though, these legends begin to get injured and slow down do to natural aging. Unfortunately, I see all too often, enterprises running old protocols that have been compromised, with in the wild exploits defined, to attack these weak protocols.

TLS 1. The WannaCrypt ransomware attack, worked to infect a first internal endpoint. The initial attack could have started from phishing, drive-by, etc… Once a device was compromised, it used an SMB v1 vulnerability in a worm-like attack to laterally spread internally.

A second round of attacks occurred about 1 month later named Petya, it also worked to infect an internal endpoint. Once it had a compromised device, it expanded its capabilities by not only laterally moving via the SMB vulnerability it had automated credential theft and impersonation to expand on the number devices it could compromise. This is why it is becoming so important for enterprises to retire old outdated equipment, even if it still works! The above listed services should all be scheduled for retirement since they risk the security integrity of the enterprise.

The cost to recover from a malware attack can easily exceed the costs of replacement of old equipment or services. Improvements in computer hardware and software algorithms have made this protocol vulnerable to published attacks for obtaining user credentials.

As with any changes to your environment, it is recommended to test this prior to pushing into production. If there are legacy protocols in use, an enterprise does run the risk of services becoming unavailable. To disable the use of security protocols on a device, changes need to be made within the registry.

Once the changes have been made a reboot is necessary for the changes to take effect. The registry settings below are ciphers that can be configured. Note: Disabling TLS 1. Microsoft highly recommends that this protocol be disabled. KB provides the ability to disable its use, but by itself does not prevent its use. For complete details see below.

The PowerShell command above will provide details on whether or not the protocol has been installed on a device. Ralph Kyttle has written a nice Blog on how to detect, in a large scale, devices that have SMBv1 enabled.

Once you have found devices with the SMBv1 protocol installed, the device should be monitored to see if it is even being used. Open up Event Viewer and review any events that might be listed. The tool provides client and web server testing. From an enterprise perspective you will have to look at the enabled ciphers on the device via the Registry as shown above. If it is found that it is enabled, prior to disabling, Event Logs should be inspected so as to possibly not impact current applications.

Hello all! Nathan Penn back again with a follow-up to Demystifying Schannel. While finishing up the original post, I realized that having a simpler method to disable the various components of Schannel might be warranted. If you remember that article, I detailed that defining a custom cipher suite list that the system can use can be accomplished and centrally managed easily enough through a group policy administrative template.

However, there is no such administrative template for you to use to disable specific Schannel components in a similar manner. The result being, if you wanted to disable RC4 on multiple systems in an enterprise you needed to manually configure the registry key on each system, push a registry key update via some mechanism, or run a third party application and manage it. Well, to that end, I felt a solution that would allow for centralized management was a necessity, and since none existed, I created a custom group policy administrative template.

The administrative template leverages the same registry components we brought up in the original post, now just providing an intuitive GUI. For starters, the ever-important logging capability that I showcased previously, has been built-in. So, before anything gets disabled, we can enable the diagnostic logging to review and verify that we are not disabling something that is in use.

While many may be eager to start disabling components, I cannot stress the importance of reviewing the diagnostic logging to confirm what workstations, application servers, and domain controllers are using as a first step. Once we have completed that ever important review of our logs and confirmed that components are no longer in use, or required, we can start disabling. Within each setting is the ability to Enable the policy and then selectively disable any, or all, of the underlying Schannel components.

Remember, Schannel protocols, ciphers, hashing algorithms, or key exchanges are enabled and controlled solely through the configured cipher suites by default, so everything is on. To disable a component, enable the policy and then checkbox the desired component that is to be disabled. Note, that to ensure that there is always an Schannel protocol, cipher, hashing algorithm, and key exchange available to build the full cipher suite, the strongest and most current components of each category was intentionally not added.

Finally, when it comes to practical application and moving forward with these initiatives, start small. I find that workstations is the easiest place to start. Create a new group policy that you can security target to just a few workstations. Enable the logging and then review. Then re-verify that the logs show they are only using TLS. At this point, you are ready to test disabling the other Schannel protocols.

Once disabled, test to ensure the client can communicate out as before, and any client management capability that you have is still operational. If that is the case, then you may want to add a few more workstations to the group policy security target. And only once I am satisfied that everything is working would I schedule to roll out to systems in mass.

After workstations, I find that Domain Controllers are the next easy stop. With Domain Controllers, I always want them configured the identically, so feel free to leverage a pre-existing policy that is linked to the Domain Controllers OU and affects them all or create a new one. The important part here is that I review the diagnostic logging on all the Domain Controllers before proceeding. Lastly, I target application servers grouped by the application, or service they provide.

Working through each grouping just as I did with the workstations. Creating a new group policy, targeting a few systems, reviewing those systems, re-configuring applications as necessary, re-verifying, and then making changes. Both of these options will re-enable the components the next time group policy processes on the system.

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Then we have the Token Decryption Certificate. Viewing latest articles. We will cover this in the next section. When complete you should have the 3 VMs as shown below. November security update release Microsoft on November 14, , released security updates to provide additional protections against malicious attackers. Abstract In face-to-face communication, conversation is affected by what is existing and taking place within the environment. The advisory also explains how to enable the update for your systems.

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